PROCESS WORKING ENGINE

Of all the machines there are only two that work process work process work process four-stroke and two-stroke, the following will be discussed one by one

1. Process There are four engine work done two crankshaft rotations to get the power in four cycles and the cycle consists of the suction, Compression step, step of effort, and last step Discard

• Step suction the suction step, piston moves from top dead centre (TDC) in which the suction valve opens fuel into the combustion chamber and the valve closed Discard

• Compression step, the step piston moves up 15 degrees before TDC top dead centre towards the suction valve and the exhaust valve is closed the air and mist in the living fuel burn in the press or in the compressed because there is no space bagar little gap temperature will be higher, we remember the fire or burning occurs because there are three components of air, heat, and the media in this case then there is fuel combustion and explosion.

• Step effort, in this step the suction valve and the exhaust valve is in a closed state because of the explosion resulting from the step Compression causes the piston kicked off point towards the bottom of the work that led to the crankshaft rotates, turning the crankshaft power is generated, where the end of this step a little exhaust valve begins to open

• Step waste, is in step piston moves up from bottom dead center to the point of death for which the suction valve is closed and the exhaust valve open to remove the remaining residue is in the combustion chamber

 

2. Work Process meaning two-stroke engine is the engine performs two step in one round    piston crankshaft to produce a power which steps are

• The first step piston moves from top dead center (TDC) when these will hit the piston rinse the position in the space below the piston, piston ring at some point will go through the hole flushing / exhaust gas will enter through the hole gas income generally will be above the sinkhole and revenue hole would be slightly below, at the time of piston rings through the combustion of landfill gas will exit through this hole, when the piston ring passes through the hole in the intake gas pressure rinse chamber will be depressed into the combustion chamber and piston will push the gas 
• The second step piston moves up from bottom dead point (BDC) to top dead center (TDC) when the piston is going to suck air mixtures Lubricating oil and fuel, when the piston has passed the pit entry and discharge the piston moves up and to compression at 15 degree of lubricating oil mixture combustion chamber, the air and fuel ignite and cause an explosion was a result of the explosion will be repeated back to the first step and so on

ENGINE PARTS

After we identify that there are ships machining This time we will learn about the parts of the engine, in outline by how the machine works it is two moving parts and does not move

1. Moving parts 

• Rocker arm, this thing is like a chicken's head was exactly the way it works is like the head of a chicken pecking at food pressing the valve head / valve

• Push rod, push rod is worked up and down to push the rocker arm

• Valve, this valve there are two intake valve and exhaust valve, to distinguish them is by measuring the valve head is larger exhaust valve and the smaller is the suction valve, but there is a machine that only has the exhaust valve just for this section will be discussed later in the engine work

• Piston, piston engines operate when it moves up and down due to the compression pressure of the explosion the room is fuel burning fuel that will be forwarded to the crankshaft

• Crankshaft, part of this work and continue to change the spin of the work piston up and down a circular motion or rotary motion will be forwarded to the propeller shaft to drive the propeller blades

   

 

 

 

2. The second part of the machine is part of a still or not moving

•  Cylinder head, cylinder cover this as part and is part of the combustion chamber

• Cylinder liner, judging from the name cylindrical shape we can certainly imagine looks like a tube top and bottom open, cylinder liner is one part of the machine that serves to protect the inside of the cylinder block of piston ring friction

• Cylinder block, serves as a combustion chamber and the piston moves

in line type

"V" Type

• Carter, the engine needs lubrication for each machine that is certainly no such thing as charters to accommodate a number of engine oil is needed

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ship machinery

Once we know the type of ship the wrong kind only driving engine or the motor is then in time we will get into the ship to find out the existing machinery onboard without further ado we soon peeled one by one

• MAIN engine
  Main engine is the main power to drive the propeller shaft propeller which will be forwarded to the propeller blades to move the ship itself every ship is different depending on the size and needs are in one boat, there is one main engine there are two main engine depending on the size and needs of the vessel but does not mean the bigger the ship the more machines parent, the parent machine is generally located at down side for grounded ship propeller and axle follows Hero of the main engine.

• Auxiliary engine
  Auxiliary engine, this machine size, smaller than the main engine of the main functions of the auxiliary engine to drive the generator engine Electric boats we can imagine if there is no electricity onboard the vessel will be dark so that in place of the average auxiliary engine auxiliary engine on board more than one even up to have four auxiliary engines

•  Aircraft AuxiliaryIs the machinery that is intended to help the smooth operation of a ship machinery, general machinery are as follows
• The air compressor, air compressor is a tool on the production of lean air used to power early start on a machine that uses air propulsion or commonly known by the pneumatic propulsion system,

• Pump fuel pump is used to move the fuel from the tank creep (bottom tank) to the settling tank into tank holders before submission to the machine requires.

• Fresh Water Pump, pump serves to fresh water is supplied to the accommodation as the bathroom toilet, kitchen

• Cooling Pump, a machine that works 24 hours a day so that his name and the absolute need for a cooling pump that's mounted a name that aims to circulate cooling water cooling machine

•  Pump Ballast, when there is no cargo ship the hull will be lifted to the surface of the water with these conditions would endanger the safety of the vessel for which the ship is equipped with a pump ballast water into the tank to enter the ballast tanks, otherwise when ships loaded with the position of the vessel will be the entry of water into the ballast pump is used to pump out the water that was in the ballast tanks

• Bilge pumps, these pumps are made to pump water from the engine room bilge better and hold the ship

• Oil water separator, before the dirty water from the engine room and the hold should be dumped overboard through this tool that serves as the name suggests is separating water and oil so as not to pollute the ocean

• Purifier, this tool has the function to separate the oil and water before entering the machine

• Clarifier, is used to separate the oil and dirt such as mud debelum channeled into machine

• Sanitary pumps, fresh water on board while sometimes very limited amount of water is the most basic thing in life to provide it in the sanitary pump to pump seawater to memcukupi water needs of these pumps to pump sea water to clean the vessel, cleaning mud anchor , and to clean the dirt in the toilet

• Boiler, machinery is designed to generate steam which steam is generated can be used to heat the heavy oil before it goes into the machine, for space heating, and can also be used for cooking

• The crane / winch, crane machines as a driver that is in use for activities Unloading and loading cargo ship

Similarly, there is a glimpse of the ship machinery in general for more detailed discussion we will discuss in the post next post, may be useful

SHIP propulsion

In accordance with its function is transportation vessel or conveyance various objects from one place to the other for this process there must be a few more tools that causes the ship to move move from one port to another port, you absolutely must have some way of driving / equipment which causes the ship can move, for that in this post we will know propulsion ship, in this case can be grouped into

1. Moved by human power (Rowing).propulsion his type is the starting propulsion found transportation over water which still exist to this day, but users are not large ships weighing boat but small boats such as fishing boats
2. Driven by wind power is Sailing, to drive this type of the main tools used to make the boat go is the display that was developed on a pole mast that will receive the thrust of the wind.
3. Steamboat is a ship driven by steam, the ship is driven by the power of steam generated from burning coal, the ship was created after the invention of the steam engine by James watt in Britain that led to the industrial revolution, which certainly also a revolutionary fuel from the fuel fuel oil to coal
4. Boat motor boat driven by the power of the engine / motor, now for ship propulsion type this one is the type most widely used today, is actually a moving ship of this type is not the motor but the motor itself as a force to drive the propeller shaft propeller, because the rotor blades are designed such that the rotor blades push the water and the ship was free from obstacles pushed the boat take a walk (he he he he he he he what do ship had legs to walk, not really Just kiddingSo this post to the next we will discuss other topics that could gradually increase our knowledge all, may be useful

KNOW PEOPLE WORKING ABOVE VESSEL

Once a child asked her son a kid when you're big so what? No one answered I want to be a cop, I want to be a soldier there is also the answer I wanted to be a doctor was also a bit that says I want to beengineer  but no one answered I WANT TO BE A SAILOR probably not as popular as professional mariners professions mentioned above. And as sailors know it's delicious !!!!!! streets every related area even out of the country for free and are definitely in the love of money wages. well now time for us to get to know anyone who works on the ship after the previous post that we know the type of ship types in this post we will peel a bit about the department, qualifications , office duties and responsibilities of people who work on the ship.In general on board divided from :

1.  Deck Department

• Position the highest in this department as well as the highest skipper is on board, as a representative of the company responsible for that boat he skippered a well operated safely and efficiently appropriate with company rules, international rules and regulations. Every person has the right to be a captain if it meets the criteria and has a professional diploma ANT marine (nautical expert level I) to ship unlimited weight and flow of cruise ships, ANT (nautical expert level II) can be the captain of the ship is less than 5000 tons with no shipping limited, it can also be a ship captain with less than 7500 tons have been a propagator condition 1 is not less than two years.
• Position a level below the skipper is a chief Officer, which is the chief propagator one has the task of working deck section with a boatload of responsibility, perform the task watch for sailing, responsible for the supply of fresh water, which to a propagator of the sailors must have a certificate of ANT II with infinite heavy groove and cruise, ANT III chief Officer can be one with maximal dead weight of the ship no more than 3000 tons.
• second officer two is the position of the propagator under a deck officer Yang has responsibility for the route to be taken by the cruise ship, set the direction of navigation, updating maps, is responsible for the maintenance of navigation aids. To become a certified pilot two sailors expertise ANT III
• ANT IV to become an officer on board the cruise ship cruise ships intersuler between islands on board a small vessel
• ANT V to be an officer on board the cruise ship cruise ships intersuler between islands on board a small vessel
• ANT deck section D for rating   

2.  Engine Department

• Chief Engineer Title Is Most high in the engine room, was responsible for overall all machinery on board, to become Chief engineer must have a certificate of expert sailors Teknik Level (ATT) I ship unlimited Tehnika Expert Level (ATT) II premises engine power less than or equal to 3000 kilo watt, Tehnika Expert Level (ATT) II with unlimited engine power cruise the coast, Tehnika Expert Level (ATT) III engine with a power of less than 3000 kilo watt cruise beach area with experience serving as a machinist a minimum of two years of diving
• first engineer Is the chief engineer of the inner workings of the machine, is responsible for the smooth operation of the main engine to be a train driver must have a certificate of expert sailors Tehnika Level (ATT) II aboard infinite Tehnika Expert Level (ATT) IIII with the engine power of less than 3000 kilo watt cruise beach area
• second engineer responsible for fuel oil for ships and auxiliary engines must be a certified engineer two expertise sailors Tehnika Expert Level (ATT) III
• Third engineer is responsible for all pumps are onboard
• Expert level Tehnika (ATT) can be an officer IV inter-island vessel engine
• Expert level Tehnika (ATT) V can be small ship engine officer between islands
• Expert level Tehnika (ATT) Basic 

 In addition to a certificate of expertise and sailors both ANT ATT to be a sailor must also have some additional certificates such as BST, PSCRB, AFF, TF, MC, MFA, RADAR ARPA, GMDSS SEAMAN BOOK ORU etc.

KNOWN TYPES OF SHIPS

Following on the previous post we know the history originally appeared transport ship called fact many classifications to categorize the types of ships but this time we will recognize the types of ships that can be divided into several groups, among others   

1. In terms of material the making

•  Iron Ship is ship materials to make use of iron 

 

image of Iron Ship

•  Wooden Boats is a boat made out of wood as a material

image of wooden boat

•  Fiber is a ship that ship materials to make use of fiber

image of fiber ship

•  Boats Aluminum Boats is a ship materials to make use Aluminium  

2.  In terms of driving force

•  Driven by human power (Rowing)
•  Driven by wind power is Sailing
•  Steamboat is a ship driven by steam
•  Boat Motor is powered by a power boat engine / motor

3.  In terms of Function

• warship, the warship for a great maritime nation like Indonesia archipelago is not a luxury but a necessity to preserve and protect the country from attack another country
• passenger ship is a ship that transports people or passengers designation
• cargo ship is a ship to transport various types of cargo which is equipped with a crane as a means of unloading the cargo ship but there were no cranes equipped premises at all
• Tankers to carry weight in liquid form typically used ships of this type
• container ship, the ship is to transport containers
• Pilot Ship is the ship to escort scout / pilot guides the ship into the bustling cruise port alurn
• Ship dredging vessel has a special equipment called Drager to dredge the shallow waters
• Ship tugboat tugboat is a boat or a duty to postpone pull or push large ships in this case is tonkang
•  Vessel Ro-Ro vessel is intended to mengankut kind of people and goods, especially vehicles with supplied dor ramp to exit the vehicle either two-wheelers, four or more wheels
•  cruise ship is a ship that is usually used for tourism activities for tourists
•  ferry is a ship used to transport passengers inside the cabin or cabins available rooms for the passengers to rest